The INoVA uses entity recognition models to extract models and associated readouts (outcomes) from sentences in PubMed abstracts. The following definitions are used for these entities:
Model
The experimental setup (e.g. wound healing assay, Irwin test) used to measure an outcome, or the system in which an outcome is being measured (e.g. CACO-2 cells, the liver, ob/ob mice). The following model types are included: In vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, in silico and in chemico.
Readout
What is being measured in the model. Both quantitative measures and qualitative outcomes are being retrieved.
Searching and filtering
The INoVA hub uses free text searches as well as pre-defined filtering options to guide the user in retrieving relevant publications. The various options are described below. Multiple filters and/or free text searches can be used to define your search.
Free text search
Free text searches are available for the model name, readout and species.
By typing in the name and clicking on "apply", a substring search is performed on all models and readouts in our platform.
For species, a generative AI mapping has been performed on the sentence level.
Therefore, the species has been inferred from the model and/or sentence.
To correctly handle abbreviations, an attempt is made to map a search term on its full name if an abbreviation is being used, and vice versa, abbreviations of a full name are included when possible.
Boolean queries are currently not supported in search.
Predefined filters
The models recognized have been mapped to model parameters whenever possible.
This mapping has been performed by a generative AI model on a contextual level.
This means that the whole sentence has been used to classify the models to the predefined parameters.
The model parameters can be used either to query the INoVA hub data, or to filter results.
To use the filters, select a parameter from the pulldown menu and click the apply button.
When multiple model parameters are used, the AND logic is being performed.
The following model parameters are available:
System type, e.g. in vitro, in vivo, in silico
System format, e.g. bioengineered system, organism
Inducer type, e.g. chemical, diet, genetic engineering
Health domain, e.g. cardiovascular disease
Organ system, e.g. heart, liver
For the organ system parameter, two levels of granularity are offered.
The second level offers a more detailed.
Please note that the model parameters are set independent from each other.
The user is responsible for making meaningful intersections of the parameter values.
Dynamic data
The information available in the INoVA hub interface is updated daily and contains all PubMed abstract data from the year 2015 onwards.
Selection and Download
To select and download PMIDs for further analysis, tick the box of the publication and click the download button.
The number of downloads is limited to a maximum of 100 records.
We examined a subset of MARS participants enrolled in the Collaborative Aging Research Using Technology initiative.
Older African Americans were disproportionately affected yet remain underrepresented in research documenting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
MARS is a longitudinal observational cohort study of older African American adults who enroll initially without dementia.
This study investigated changes in self-reported health, survey engagement, physical activity, and sleep duration among older African American adults in the Minority Aging Research Study (MARS) before and after Illinois ' March 21, 2020, COVID-19 stay-at-home order, using online surveys and actigraphy watch data.
Despite widespread COVID-19 disruptions, older African American MARS participants maintained stable survey engagement.
COVID-19 Impact on Health Behaviors and Survey Engagement in Older African Americans: Longitudinal Cohort Study.
Participants with low survey engagement were more likely to have cognitive impairment, suggesting that mild cognitive challenges may hinder sustained participation with online responses.
Among 15 participants with valid data, mean daily step count decreased significantly (20.1 %; 1646, SD 1306 to 1315, SD 1149 steps; P <.001); nightly sleep duration decreased but not significantly (2.8 %; 7.1, SD 2.3 hours to 6.9, SD 2.3 hours; P=.49).
Enhancing practical skills in spinal cord injury physiotherapy education using a case-based mobile virtual patient: A randomized mixed-methods study.
The experimental group achieved significantly higher practical examination scores than the control group (M = 26.57 vs. 22.63; t (81) = 3.741, P < 0.001; Cohen 's d = 0.819), indicating a large effect.
Developing practical skills and clinical reasoning in complex conditions such as spinal cord injury (SCI) is a central goal of physiotherapy education; however, opportunities for repeated practice with real patients are often limited, highlighting the potential value-based mobile virtual patient applications.
Eighty-three eligible undergraduate physiotherapy students were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 42) or control (n = 41) groups.
Practical skills were assessed in a post-test-only practical examination using a standardized checklist; Functional Neuroanatomy final exam score served as a contextual indicator of prior academic performance, and open-ended responses from the experimental group were categorized and summarized by frequency.
Complications of angioembolization in trauma: What you need to know.
Undergraduate nursing students in the United States are experiencing burnout syndrome at alarming rates.
Data were collected from Bachelor of Science in Nursing students using three valid and reliable survey tools.
This research demonstrates that nursing faculty who engage in immediacy behaviors may have a positive impact on the experiences of undergraduate nursing students.
Accessible Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing through Finger-Stick Dried Blood Spots and Routine Laboratory Analyzers.
The DBS PSA assay demonstrated good analytical performance, with total CVs of 4.5 % and 6.1 % at PSA concentrations of 11.5 µg/L and 3.8 µg/L, respectively.
PSA can be accurately measured from finger-stick DBS on an automated high-throughput immunochemistry analyzer.
Method comparison showed strong agreement between venous serum and finger-stick DBS (R2 = 0.987) with minimal bias.
This method is less invasive for patients and may facilitate at-home self-sampling supporting (tele) diagnostics, screening, and follow-up.
For DBS samples, PSA was extracted using PBS prior to analysis.
PSA concentrations were measured in paired capillary finger-stick DBS and venous serum samples from 75 patients using a Siemens immunochemistry analyzer.
Accessible Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing through Finger-Stick Dried Blood Spots and Routine Laboratory Analyzers.
Weight reduction-dependent/-independent effects of survodutide on liver endpoints: Mediation analysis of a phase 2 trial in MASH.
Data were included for participants with fibrosis stage F2-F3 and paired baseline/end-of-treatment biopsy readings; survodutide dose arms were pooled.
Endpoints related to improvements in inflammation/fibrosis were predominantly weight reduction-independent, suggestive of a potential role of direct glucagon receptor agonism in the liver.
Survodutide was associated with improvements in liver-related endpoints in a phase 2 trial in MASH (NCT04771273).
Weight reduction-dependent/-independent effects of survodutide on liver endpoints: Mediation analysis of a phase 2 trial in MASH.
Do statins reduce rates of venous thromboembolism in high-risk trauma patients?
We hypothesized that statin use was associated with lower VTE in high-risk trauma patients.
Statins have anti-inflammatory properties and exert beneficial effects on the endothelium, but few previous studies have evaluated their effects on VTE in risk-stratified groups.
Do statins reduce rates of venous thromboembolism in high-risk trauma patients ?
Nontrauma patients and burn patients were excluded.
Severely injured patients have high rates of VTE despite thromboprophylaxis;, however, the incidence of VTE was significantly lower among statin users.
After RAP-based stratification, the high-risk group (RAP≥10) had a VTE rate of 28 %.
In 509 patients (age 52±22 y, 71 % male, 18 % penetrating injury), the average RAP score was 10±5, the overall VTE rate was 17 %, and mortality was 5 %.
In the highest risk patients, statin use was independently associated with decreased odds of VTE.
All patients admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (ICU) from 1/2024 to 11/2024 at a single level 1 trauma center were risk-stratified using the Greenfield Risk Assessment Profile (RAP).
The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in subsets of the most severely injured patients can approach 30 %.
Computational Modeling of Substrate-Dependent Lung Mitochondrial Respiration and Bioenergetics in Rats with Different Susceptibility to Hyperoxia-Induced ARDS.
H-S mitochondria underwent rapid failure, with redox collapse, loss of membrane potential, and ATP depletion.
This supports greater metabolic flexibility in H-T mitochondria compared to H-S. Simulations of ARDS-related changes predicted divergent outcomes.
Conversely, H-T mitochondria showed an increased activity of ANT and CIV.
Rats conditioned to be hyperoxia-tolerant (H-T) or hyperoxia-susceptible (H-S) provide a system for assessing the contribution of mitochondrial bioenergetics to the differential susceptibility to hyperoxia-induced ARDS and for identifying potential therapeutic targets.
H-S mitochondria had reduced activity in adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), cytochrome c oxidase (CIV), complex I (CI), and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT).
Due to the system 's complexity, interpreting lung mitochondrial bioenergetics data from these rat models requires a computational model to define which processes are altered and how changes influence overall lung tissue bioenergetics.
H-T mitochondria maintained bioenergetic homeostasis by enhancing electron supply via CI and complex II, with higher CIV activity.
The model was parameterized using experimental respirometry data from isolated lung mitochondria of conditioned (H-T, H-S) and control rats with different substrates and ADP concentrations.
Computational Modeling of Substrate-Dependent Lung Mitochondrial Respiration and Bioenergetics in Rats with Different Susceptibility to Hyperoxia-Induced ARDS.
This comprehensive computational model provides a framework for identifying critical mitochondrial processes and therapeutic strategies to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction in ARDS.
We developed a thermodynamically constrained computational model of lung mitochondrial bioenergetics that extends prior models by incorporating regulation by ions (Ca2⁺, H⁺, etc.)
Relationship Between Intralesional Clindamycin and Development of Gastrointestinal Clostridioides difficile Infection After Dermatologic Surgery.
The goal of this study was to evaluate the incidence of C. difficile infection in dermatologic surgery patients treated with intraincisional clindamycin, compared with patients who did not receive intraincisional clindamycin and with historical rates reported for oral clindamycin.
Dermatologic surgery patients were grouped by whether they received intralesional clindamycin.
However, patients who received no form of antibiotics or intralesional clindamycin without oral antibiotics had significantly lower infection rates than the historical rates reported for oral clindamycin.
No data have been reported on the incidence of C. difficile infection in patients receiving intraincisional clindamycin.
There was no significant difference in the rate of C. difficile infections between the intralesional clindamycin (N = 9) and no intralesional clindamycin (N = 6) cohorts (χ2 [ 1, N = 15 ] = 0.31, p =.57) or any of their stratified groups.
Patients ' records were searched for `` C. difficile '' or analogous terms.
The groups were compared with one another and historical rates reported for oral clindamycin.
Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Dynamics, Disease Progression, and Therapy Response in Multiple Sclerosis.
Further, in SMSC, every yearly GFAP z score unit reduction during the first 2 years receiving fingolimod or B-cell-depleting therapy was associated with a lower risk of subsequent PIRA (54 % risk reduction; HR, 0.46; 95 % CI, 0.26-0.84; P =.01 and 67 % risk reduction; HR, 0.33; 95 % CI, 0.18-0.61; P <.001), respectively.
Risk of future PIRA, defined as Expanded Disability Status Scale score worsening confirmed after 6 or more months without relapses (in SMSC), or a composite additionally including greater than 20 % worsening in the 9-hole peg test or timed 25-ft walk test (in EPIC).
This was a prospective observational study using 2 large MS cohorts: the Swiss MS Cohort (SMSC; initiated in June 2012; data extraction September 22, 2025) and the Expression, Proteomics, Imaging, Clinical study (EPIC; initiated in July 2004; data extraction February 21, 2024).
The SMSC and EPIC cohorts consisted of 1709 (13 375 samples; median [ IQR ] follow-up, 6.9 [ 2.5-10.7 ] years and age, 40.6 [ 32.1-50.1 ] years; 1128 [ 66.0 % ] female) and 620 (5254 samples; median [ IQR ] follow-up, 13.1 [ 9.4-14.0 ] years and age, 42.0 [ 35.0-50.0 ] years; 432 [ 69.7 % ] female) persons with MS, respectively.
A total of 2329 persons with MS from both cohorts with at least 1 available time point with neurofilament light chain (NfL) and GFAP measurements were included (overall 18 629 measurements).
The study took place at tertiary MS centers (8 for SMSC and 1 for EPIC).
Capturing individual multiple sclerosis (MS) progression is difficult; few studies have evaluated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in large longitudinal cohorts with independent validation.
Neonatal Medical Male Circumcision and Child Autism Diagnosis.
Among 1840 circumcised males, 108 (6 %) had autism, compared with 84 of 931 uncircumcised males (9 %).
Among circumcised males, 31 (4 %) were administered acetaminophen during the procedure, and 128 (7 %) within the 30 days after birth.
The analysis included male, singleton children with data on NMC status and child ASD.
This prospective cohort study was conducted among cohort sites participating in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort between February 2003 and September 2025.
The sample included 2771 male children from 14 ECHO sites, of whom 1840 (66 %) were circumcised before hospital discharge, and 192 (7 %) had an autism diagnosis.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Persons With and Without Diabetes.
Infants were randomized to receive dexamethasone eye drops (1 mg/mL) or placebo (saline).
To evaluate whether dexamethasone eye drops reduce the proportion of preterm infants with prethreshold ROP progressing to treatment-requiring type 1 ROP.
The DROPROP trial was a double-masked randomized clinical trial at 6 university hospitals and 8 county hospitals in Sweden.
Among 100 infants, the mean (SD) GA at birth was 25.1 (1.4) weeks, 42 (42.0 %) were female, and the mean (SD) birth weight was 712.9 (202.1) g. In the intention-to-treat population, type 1 ROP occurred in 10 of 50 infants (20.0 %) in the dexamethasone group and 19 of 50 infants (38.0 %) in the placebo group (adjusted odds ratio, 0.44; 95 % CI, 0.17-1.12; P =.08), corresponding to a relative risk reduction of 47 %.
It evaluated infants born before 30 weeks ' gestational age (GA), from 2022 to 2025, with severe ROP.
No clinically significant differences in adverse events were observed between groups.
Use of Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities Among Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries, 2019-2024.
Patients were sampled consecutively until trial staff capacity limits were met for any given day.
Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to DL, video laryngoscopy with Macintosh blade (VLM), or video laryngoscopy with a hyperangulated blade (VLH).
Of the 2532 patients (1426 males [ 56.3 % ]; mean [ SD ] age, 59.7 [ 15.4 ] years) randomly assigned to DL (n = 848), VLM (n = 841), or VLH (n = 843), 2423 (95.7 %) were included in a modified intention-to-treat analysis.
Adults undergoing surgery under any other form of anesthesia, those requiring nasal or planned fiberoptic intubation, and pregnant patients were excluded.
This randomized clinical trial of DL vs VLM and VLH found that video laryngoscopy significantly improved first-pass success during intubation in the operating room compared with DL.
This 3-arm randomized clinical trial (Conventional vs Video-Assisted Laryngoscopy for Perioperative Endotracheal Intubation [ COVALENT ]) was conducted at 6 academic or intermediate care centers in Germany and Austria between March 28, 2022, and February 17, 2025.
Adults undergoing surgery under general anesthesia with the need for tracheal intubation were included in the trial.
Video laryngoscopy is increasingly used in routine tracheal intubation in the operating room, but evidence regarding its clinical outcomes remains inconclusive.
Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors in Adults in Nigeria.
These data provide a foundation for prospective research and investigations in other African populations.
Participants were patients newly diagnosed with CRC and cancer-free controls matched on age, sex, location, education, and recruitment site.
However, regional data are scarce, and it is unclear whether risk factors from high-income populations apply to Nigerians, who may have distinct clinicodemographic patterns and tumor characteristics.
This case-control study of CRC risk factors in adults in Nigeria found CRC risk patterns similar to those observed in high-income populations.
To assess whether 13 CRC risk factors identified in high-income populations are associated with CRC in adults in Nigeria.
Cases were older than controls (median [ IQR ] age, 56 [ 45-66 ] vs 52 [ 41-63 ] years) but were otherwise similar.
Family history of cancer (OR, 1.55; 95 % CI, 1.06-2.26), adult height (OR per 5-cm increase, 1.09; 95 % CI, 1.00-1.20), body size or type over the life course (tertile 3 vs tertile 1: OR, 1.88; 95 % CI, 1.30-2.72), and processed meat intake (lowest vs highest tertile of intake: OR, 1.43; 95 % CI, 1.07-1.91) were positively associated with CRC risk, and an inverse U-shaped association was identified between physical activity and CRC risk (OR vs first quartile of activity, quartile 2: 0.63; 95 % CI, 0.44-0.88; quartile 3: 0.52; 95 % CI, 0.34-0.79; quartile 4: 0.77; 95 % CI, 0.58-1.02), consistent with data from high-income populations.
This multicenter case-control study was conducted in 6 hospitals across 3 of Nigeria 's 6 geopolitical zones, with recruitment from April 2020 to September 2024.
Among 2063 participants (1103 [ 53.5 % ] male; median [ IQR ] age, 54 [ 42-64 ] years) enrolled, most had secondary education or higher (1756 participants [ 85.2 % ]), lived in urban areas (1817 participants [ 88.1 % ]), and were Yoruba (1524 participants [ 73.9 % ]).
Screen Use and Emotional, Behavioral, and Social Development in Children.
This secondary analysis of a cohort study used data from a large Scottish birth cohort, with follow-up at 5, 10, and 15 years of age between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020.
The association between electronic screen use and psychosocial development in children remains unclear.
In this cohort study, screen use was not consistently associated with poorer outcomes for children.
Screen Use and Emotional, Behavioral, and Social Development in Children.