The INoVA uses entity recognition models to extract models and associated readouts (outcomes) from sentences in PubMed abstracts. The following definitions are used for these entities:
Model
The experimental setup (e.g. wound healing assay, Irwin test) used to measure an outcome, or the system in which an outcome is being measured (e.g. CACO-2 cells, the liver, ob/ob mice). The following model types are included: In vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, in silico and in chemico.
Readout
What is being measured in the model. Both quantitative measures and qualitative outcomes are being retrieved.
Searching and filtering
The INoVA hub uses free text searches as well as pre-defined filtering options to guide the user in retrieving relevant publications. The various options are described below. Multiple filters and/or free text searches can be used to define your search.
Free text search
Free text searches are available for the model name, readout and species.
By typing in the name and clicking on "apply", a substring search is performed on all models and readouts in our platform.
For species, a generative AI mapping has been performed on the sentence level.
Therefore, the species has been inferred from the model and/or sentence.
To correctly handle abbreviations, an attempt is made to map a search term on its full name if an abbreviation is being used, and vice versa, abbreviations of a full name are included when possible.
Boolean queries are currently not supported in search.
Predefined filters
The models recognized have been mapped to model parameters whenever possible.
This mapping has been performed by a generative AI model on a contextual level.
This means that the whole sentence has been used to classify the models to the predefined parameters.
The model parameters can be used either to query the INoVA hub data, or to filter results.
To use the filters, select a parameter from the pulldown menu and click the apply button.
When multiple model parameters are used, the AND logic is being performed.
The following model parameters are available:
System type, e.g. in vitro, in vivo, in silico
System format, e.g. bioengineered system, organism
Inducer type, e.g. chemical, diet, genetic engineering
Health domain, e.g. cardiovascular disease
Organ system, e.g. heart, liver
For the organ system parameter, two levels of granularity are offered.
The second level offers a more detailed.
Please note that the model parameters are set independent from each other.
The user is responsible for making meaningful intersections of the parameter values.
Dynamic data
The information available in the INoVA hub interface is updated daily and contains all PubMed abstract data from the year 2015 onwards.
Selection and Download
To select and download PMIDs for further analysis, tick the box of the publication and click the download button.
The number of downloads is limited to a maximum of 100 records.
We generated PVGs of different sizes and mapped Illumina datasets using Giraffe, benchmarking performance against linear reference mapping with Minimap2.
Our findings demonstrate that PVGs substantially enhance SNP discovery in LSDV, with direct implications for genomic surveillance, outbreak tracing and the detection of recombinant vaccine-related lineages in LSDV and other large DNA viruses.
Transmission Dominance Under Random-Contact Intensification in Epidemic Networks: Multilayer Contact Network Simulation Study.
Daily contact networks were sampled from the potential network each day, and transmission was simulated for 120 days using a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed model with vaccination.
Individuals were classified into high-contact and medium-contact groups based on baseline contact intensity, and group contribution combined each group 's share of infectious individuals and its per-infectious effective transmission yield.
Network visualization and schematics suggest a bridge-allocation mechanism, where stronger incidental contact adds cross-community bridges that more often terminate at medium-contact individuals and carry infection into less-affected communities.
Under explicit daily-contact constraints, we examined (1) how changing overall contact opportunities affects epidemic speed and burden when incidental encounters are held fixed, and (2) whether increasing incidental encounters alone, per-layer contact caps, and routine-contact minima fixed (for the nonrandom layers), shifts the main contributors to transmission from a high-contact group to a medium-contact group, and the underlying network mechanism.
Holding overall contact opportunities and routine contacts fixed, increasing incidental encounters shifted the main contributors to transmission: higher-contact individuals accounted for more effective transmissions at low incidental contact, whereas medium-contact individuals accounted for more beyond a clear transition point.
In multilayer urban networks with community structure, routine contacts coexist with incidental encounters, and it remains unclear whether incidental encounters can alter epidemic burden and the main contributors to transmission when per-layer contact caps and routine-contact minima are unchanged (for the nonrandom layers).
We constructed a multilayer potential contact network for a synthetic urban population of 10,038 individuals, representing household, school, workplace, distance-driven activities, and incidental encounters as separate layers.
Beyond cumulative infections and deaths, it is necessary to understand which contacts matter most, and which population segments contribute most to transmission under different social conditions.
In multilayer urban contact networks with community structure, our results indicate that intensifying incidental encounters can change the main contributors to transmission even when overall contact opportunities and routine contacts are unchanged.
Dry-Crafted Charge-Conductive ZrO
2 - x Cathode Shell Coating for High-Performance Sulfide-Based Solid-State Batteries.
In this study, a charge-conductive, black ZrO2-x (BZOx) shell coating layer was uniformly applied to single-crystalline LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC) cathodes using a solvent-free and dry-processed mechanofusion method to mitigate the interfacial side reactions of sulfide-based ASSBs.
Compared to pristine NMC and NMC coated with stoichiometric white ZrO2, BZOx-coated NMC exhibited improved cycling stability with higher coulombic efficiency and reduced voltage hysteresis.
Deletion of Plasmodium yoelii Merozoite Surface Protein 8 Protects Mice From Lethal Blood-Stage Malaria and Is Associated With Enhanced Splenic CCL19-CCR7 Signaling.
Transcriptomic, immunoblot, and immunohistochemical analyses revealed MSP8 deficiency upregulated chemokine CCL19 and preserved its receptor CCR7 in the spleen of infected mice, accompanied by increased IFN-γ level in spleen and serum.
A full-length pymsp8 knockout line (P. yoelii 17XL ΔMSP8) was generated successfully and ΔMSP8 strain infected mice exhibited reduced peak parasitemia, attenuated splenomegaly, and a self-resolving course.
Deletion of Plasmodium yoelii Merozoite Surface Protein 8 Protects Mice From Lethal Blood-Stage Malaria and Is Associated With Enhanced Splenic CCL19-CCR7 Signaling.
Here, we combined MSP8 immunization, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of Plasmodium yoelii (P. yoelii) msp8, and perturbation of chemokine-receptor signaling to define how MSP8 shapes disease outcome in the lethal murine model of malaria.
Mouse antisera against Plasmodium falciparum MSP8 partially inhibited merozoite invasion of humanerythrocytes in vitro, and PyMSP8 immunization conferred partial protection against lethal P. yoelii 17XL challenge, supporting the notion that MSP8 functions both as an invasion-related antigen and as a target of the protective immune responses.
Toward Bioreceptor-Free Nanozyme Sensing: Matched Interaction and Ligand-Modulated Phosphatase-Mimetic Activity Enable Anti-Interference and Sensitive Detection of Quinolones in Dairy Products.
According to the principle, high-performance sensing of ciprofloxacin as a quinolone model was validated.
To solve this predicament, here we employed a ligand engineering strategy to modulate the phosphatase-mimetic activity of Nd (III) -coordinated phenylboronic acid (PBA) derivatives and achieved anti-interference and sensitive detection of quinolone antibiotics in dairy products based on matched interaction and ligand-optimized catalytic efficiency.
Frustrated Lewis Pair-Induced Pre-Adsorbed Oxygen Coupled With Reactant Availability as a Design Strategy for High-Performance Single-Atom Nanozymes.
We expect that the data set can be readily used for case studies to understand structure-activity relationships for target receptors of interest, as well as for training a computational model for estimating structure-based binding activity change.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging: Explanations That Make Sense to Humans.
Large Language Models for Simplifying Radiology Reports: Promise and Precaution.
Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Iodinated Contrast Media Exposure in Neonates in the ICU: Evaluation Using Propensity-Score and Overlap-Weighted Analyses.
Objective: To evaluate associations between ICM administration during CT and AKI risk in ICU-admitted neonates using contemporary neonatal AKI criteria and propensity-score analysis to address potential confounding factors.
Incidence of stage 2-3 AKI did not differ significantly between the ICM and control groups in any cohort.
Conclusion: For neonates in the ICU, ICM exposure during CT was associated with increased risk of AKI, although not with stage 2-3 AKI.
Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Iodinated Contrast Media Exposure in Neonates in the ICU: Evaluation Using Propensity-Score and Overlap-Weighted Analyses.
The ICM group included 1381 contrast-enhanced CT examinations; the control group included 428 noncontrast CT (n=41) or noncontrast MRI (n=387) examinations.
AKI incidence was significantly higher in the ICM group than in the control group in the original cohort (13.9 % vs 8.2 %; OR=1.83 [ 95 % CI: 1.24-2.68 ]; P=.002), PSM cohort (12.3 % vs 7.0 %; OR=1.86 [ 95 % CI: 1.03-3.36 ]; P=.04) and overlap-weighted cohort (12.8 % vs 7.6 %; OR=1.74 [ 95 % CI: 1.05-2.86 ]; P=.03).
Methods: This retrospective study included neonates admitted to the ICU who underwent contrast-enhanced CT, noncontrast CT, or noncontrast MRI between June 2000 and June 2023.
Results: The analysis included 1708 neonates (median age, 5 days; 987 male, 721 female) who underwent 1809 examinations.
Two additional cohorts were formed to reduce confounding based on patient and examination characteristics: a propensity-score matching (PSM) cohort that contained reduced subsets of matched examinations and an overlap-weighted cohort that retained all examinations albeit with weighting reflecting covariate overlap.
Human-in-the-Loop Large Language Model-Augmented Diagnostic Reasoning in Thoracic Imaging: Impact of Radiologic Expertise.
Residents, compared with thoracic radiologists, demonstrated a greater rate of accepting LLM-favored diagnoses (73.2 % vs 48.9 %; P <.001), including a greater rate of switching to an incorrect diagnosis following misleading LLM output (60.6 % vs 32.4 %; P=.009).
From session 1 to session 2, accuracy increased for thoracic radiologists from 56.3 % to 65.6 % and for residents from 42.4 % to 58.5 %, respectively.
Accuracy improvement between sessions was greater for residents than thoracic radiologists (16.1 vs 9.2 percentage points; P=.02).
Ten readers (five thoracic radiologists, five radiology residents) independently interpreted cases.
Background: Technical and regulatory constraints limit application of large language models (LLMs) for augmenting diagnostic reasoning in radiology.
Methods: This retrospective study included 93 cases (encompassing radiographic, CT, MRI, and PET/CT images) from the Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology quiz platform from January 2014 to December 2017.
Unraveling Water-Defect Coupled Degradation via Deuterium Isotope Labeling in Prussian Blue Analogue Cathodes for Long-Life Sodium-Ion Batteries.
Consequently, the NaPBA||Na cells incorporating In (OTf) 3 exhibit significantly improved electrochemical performance, demonstrating 80.63 % capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1C and nearly threefold higher discharge capacity at 20C compared to baseline cells, outperforming the most reported PBA-based batteries.
Unraveling Water-Defect Coupled Degradation via Deuterium Isotope Labeling in Prussian Blue Analogue Cathodes for Long-Life Sodium-Ion Batteries.
Here, we employ deuterium isotope labeling to unveil a dual-coupled degradation pathway in NaPBA cathodes, where crystalline water-induced lattice distortion is coupled with defect-triggered electrolyte decomposition.
Molecular dynamics simulations and isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) reveal that In3+ strongly coordinates with crystalline water, suppressing its repeated insertion/extraction and preventing framework collapse, while OTf -- anions passivate [ Fe (CN) 6 ] 4- vacancies, reducing solvent adsorption and inhibiting electrolyte decomposition at defect sites.
Emerging Nanoreactors for Precision Disease Treatment: From Principles to Biomedical Applications.
Typical nanoreactors (liposomes, polymeric micelles/vesicles, mesoporous silica, protein cages, and organic-inorganic hybrids) are systematically discussed regarding structural merits and biomedical applications in treating diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), chronic wound healing, cancer, and Alzheimer 's disease (AD).
Inspired by natural cellular compartments, nanoreactors are spatially confined nanostructures that precisely regulate chemical and biological reactions and act as high-performance catalytic nanocontainers.
Genetic biomarker screening for drug-resistant epilepsy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Genetic biomarker screening for drug-resistant epilepsy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) presents a major clinical and economic challenge, particularly in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs), where healthcare resources are limited and treatment gaps remain significant.
Although epilepsy surgery remains the most effective intervention for eligible DRE patients, outcomes are variable, with success rates ranging from 30 % to 70 %.
Gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): A comprehensive literature review.
Medication-induced GI adverse effects, particularly those associated with glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and immunosuppressive agents such as azathioprine (AZA) and cyclophosphamide (CPA), also represent important contributors to GI pathology in patients with SLE.
Although the joints, skin, and kidneys are most commonly affected, GI manifestations are frequently underrecognized despite their potential to significantly influence patient outcomes.
Clinicopathological and prognostic value of DLL4 expression in gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
DLL4 expression was associated with venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and poor OS in GC patients, but was not associated with age, sex, T stage, Lauren classification, or tumor differentiation.
Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to ascertain the correlation between DLL4 expression and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of GC patients.
To clarify the association between DLL4 expression, clinicopathological parameters, and the prognosis of GC patients, as well as to resolve the existing controversies.
The hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) were applied to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic value of DLL4 expression in patients with GC.
Furthermore, high DLL4 expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.530, 95 % CI: 1.272-1.841, p = 0.000) in patients with GC.
A total of 1,535 patients with GC were included across 7 articles.
The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database confirmed that patients with high DLL4 expression in GC had a poorer prognosis (HR = 1.35, 95 % CI: 1.08-1.68, p = 0.009).
Physicians practising occupational medicine in Canada: a 2025 national survey.
To assess the profile of OM practice in Canada and distinguish between subgroups of interest (by years of practice and training routes).
Compared to respondents with no formal training, those with formal training were more likely to report adequate education in OM and more likely to work in management/administrative roles.
Highly Selective Bioinspired Peptide Channels for Rapid Water Transport.
This standardized technique offers a reliable, intuitive method for safe and effective hemitongue reconstruction using superthin ALT flaps.
Superthin ALT flaps offer functional and aesthetic advantages in hemitongue reconstruction.
Practical and Reliable Approach to Harvesting Superthin ALT Free Flap for Tongue Reconstruction.
Effects of dietary royal jelly supplementation on development, fecundity, and gut microbial community in Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).
Functional predictions indicated that RJ-treated larvae harbored a gut microbiota with reduced metabolic potential, suggesting less microbial nutrient use and a lower immune challenge to the host.
Effects of dietary royal jelly supplementation on development, fecundity, and gut microbial community in Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).
Larvae were supplemented with RJ at 0 %, 1 %, 5 %, or 10 % (w/w, of the total bovine liver paste diet); a subset of emerging adults continued to receive the same RJ dose, creating `` larval-only '' and `` larval + adult '' dietary regimens.
Intensive laboratory rearing often reduces key phenotypic traits in farmed insects.
We tested royal jelly (RJ) as a nutritional intervention in Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), assessing life-history traits and gut microbiota.
Adult lifespan was extended by larval supplementation and further prolonged when RJ was provided to both larvae and adults.
Programmable Solid-Electrolyte Interfaces for Efficient and Selective Electrochemical Hydrogenations.
Here we show that fluorine-free poly (ionic liquid) s (PILs) operate as solid-state electrolyte layers whose intrinsic electric fields modulate the competition between electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
A solid analogue of the electrolyte double layer, thus extending classical electrolyte-effect concepts to polymer-confined interfaces and offering a strategy for binder-controlled interfacial design in electrosynthetic systems.
Orthostatic blood pressure transitions: Association with symptoms and frailty.
Individuals with hypertension may transition between different orthostatic blood pressure (BP) phenotypes within minutes.
Orthostatic BP phenotypes in hypertensive older adults were dynamic, with frequent shifts between 1 and 3 minutes of standing.
Frail individuals exhibited a twofold higher prevalence of orthostatic hypotension[ odds ratio (OR) 2.39, P = 0.023 ], and a more than threefold higher prevalence of OHT (OR 3.60, P < 0.001).
We included 461 hypertensive adults (mean age: 72.5 ± 7.0 years, 70 % women).
About 50 % of individuals with orthostatic hypotension or OHT at minute 1 normalized their BP by minute 3, while a similar absolute number with normal BP at minute 1 developed orthostatic hypotension or OHT by minute 3.
We studied the temporal patterns of orthostatic BP responses and their relationship to symptom development in older hypertensive individuals with and without frailty.
A cross-sectional study was conducted, including patients aged at least 60 years.
Smart Incorporation of Fluorescent Carbon Dots With Photosynthesis-Inhibiting Herbicide for Promotion of Sustainable Weed Management.
The safety evaluation of ACI @ CU CDs, conducted on soybean and Vicia faba, indicated negligible risk to non-target plants.
In addition, the fluorescent nano-assembly could reduce the leaching potential of ACI in soils and exert minimal influence on soil enzyme activity as well as microbial diversity.
Cortical subpial aging-related tau astrogliopathy in older adult men who participated in youth amateur American-style football.
Researchers have reported that hyperphosphorylated tau in astrocytes can be identified in postmortem, particularly in individuals over the age of 60 years.
Cortical subpial aging-related tau astrogliopathy in older adult men who participated in youth amateur American-style football.
Astrocytes play essential roles in various functions including ionic homeostasis, energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and regulation of the blood-brain barrier.
Postmortem brain tissue samples were obtained from 176 men (median age at death = 65 years; range = 50-96) from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development.
The 2 groups did not differ in the percentages who had subpial ARTAG in a sulcal depth (10.4 % of former football players and 7.8 % of controls).
Effect of HIF-1α and LDHA Blockade on Gene Expression of Tumor Immune Evasion in Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines.
Both K-562 and HL-60 cells showed a significant decrease in CD47 expression.
Effect of HIF-1α and LDHA Blockade on Gene Expression of Tumor Immune Evasion in Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines.
The MTT assay was used to assess cell viability, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of PD-L1, CD47, and CD155.
In this study, we blocked two key factors, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA), in the metabolic pathway in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines to evaluate their effect on the expression of genes involved in tumor evasion.
Silibinin and sodium oxamate, as HIF-1α and LDHA blockers, respectively, were used to treat K-562 and HL-60 cells.
Additionally, HL-60 cells indicated a significant suppression of CD155 expression.
Tumor cells utilize metabolic reprogramming to obtain the energy required for rapid proliferation.
Application of Hydrogel in the Capture and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells.
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent critical biomarkers for liquid biopsy, and their efficient capture and accurate detection hold profound clinical significance for early cancer diagnosis, real-time monitoring of metastasis, and the implementation of personalized therapeutic strategies.
As an advanced functional material, hydrogels offer distinctive advantages for CTC capture: their three-dimensional porous architecture facilitates deep cell infiltration and effective physical entrapment; their exceptional biocompatibility preserves CTC viability and functionality; and their tunable physicochemical properties combined with versatile functionalization modalities enable highly specific, affinity-driven targeting.
Surgical Management of Severe Retinal Fibrosis and Regaining Vision following Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage in a Negative Light Perception Patient: A Case Report.
Surgical Management of Severe Retinal Fibrosis and Regaining Vision following Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage in a Negative Light Perception Patient: A Case Report.
Careful and meticulous dissection of the fused retinal tissue was performed, followed by a 360° retinectomy to achieve retinal flattening, and the procedure was concluded with silicone oil tamponade.
To report a rare case of vision regained in an eye with no light perception (NLP) secondary to severe ocular trauma and suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) following a syncopal fall on a sharp object.